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要約 目的:CYP4V2遺伝子に原因変異を同定したクリスタリン網膜症(BCD)2例の報告。
症例:症例1は47歳の女性。43歳から変視が出現した。矯正視力は右1.0,左1.2で,後極部に閃輝性沈着物を認めた。視野欠損を認めず,全視野刺激網膜電図(ffERG)で異常を認めなかった。CYP4V2遺伝子にc.802-8_810delinsGCをホモ接合体で認めた。症例2は70歳の女性。47歳から視力低下を自覚した。矯正視力は右1.2,左0.4で,後極部に閃輝性沈着物を認めた。視野検査では傍中心暗点を認めた。ffERGでは杆体応答と錐体応答の振幅がやや減弱していた。23年間の経過中に変性が進行し,閃輝性沈着物は目立たなくなった。矯正視力は右眼0.4,左眼0.15へ低下した。視野は暗点が拡大し,ffERGでは波形はほぼ消失した。CYP4V2遺伝子にc.802-8_810delinsGC/c.1199G>Aを複合ヘテロ接合体で認めた。
結論:過去の報告と同様,BCDの2例に視機能に多様性があった。閃輝性沈着物が明らかではない状態では,時として診断のために遺伝子検査が有用である。
Abstract Purpose:To describe two cases of Bietti crystalline dystrophy(BCD)caused by CYP4V2 mutations.
Case:In Case 1, a 47-year-old woman reported an apparent metamorphopsia at 43 years of age. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)was 1.0 in the right eye and 1.2 in the left. Glistening crystalline deposits were observed in the posterior pole. There were no visual field defects or full-field stimulated electroretinographic(ffERG)abnormalities. Homozygous mutations(c.802-8_810delinsGC)were identified in CYP4V2. Case 2 was of a 47-year-old woman, with progressively failing vision. BCVA was 1.2 in the right eye and 0.4 in the left. Glistening crystalline deposits were observed in the posterior pole. She showed a paracentral scotoma and slightly attenuated amplitudes of both rod and cone responses. Currently at 70 years of age BCVA is 0.4 in the right eye, 0.15 in the left eye, and retinal deposits have become unremarkable. The scotoma has increased in size, and the ffERG waveform is nearly absent. Compound heterozygous mutations(c.802-8_810delinsGC and c. 1199G>A)were identified in CYP4V2.
Conclusion:Similar to previous reports, our BCD cases demonstrate the diversity of visual function, and suggest genetic testing could help diagnostically even when crystalline deposits are unremarkable.
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