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脳炎後パーキンソニズムと考えられる一剖検例で,特に神経原線維変化(NFT)の分布,組織化学,免疫組織化学,超微形態を検討し,進行性核上性麻痺(PSP)のNFTとの相違を考察した。NFTの分布は脳幹ではアミン系の諸核の他に,コリン系の核であるpedunculopontine nucleusにも見られたが,PSPに特異的と言われる部位の中で,橋核,下オリーブ核には見られなかった。電顕による観察では,NFTはpaired helical filamentsのみからなっていた。アルツハイマー病のNFTの構成成分であることが明らかになってきている微小管結合蛋白のタウや,ユビキチンに対する抗体による免疫組織化学では脳幹のNFTは,PSPのNFTと同様に,両方とも陽性であった。Congo red染色による重屈折性については,本例の脳幹のNFTは全て重屈折性を持つと考えられるのに対し,検索した3例のPSPの脳幹のNFTでは,一部のNFTしか重屈折が見られなかった。NFTのCongo red染色による重屈折性はβ—sheet構造によると考えられており,脳炎後パーキンソニズムとPSPの脳幹のNFTでは,構成蛋白は類似しているが,蛋白のコンフォメーションに異なるものがある可能性が示唆された。
We report an autopsy case of postencephalitic parkinsonism (PEP). The distribution, histochemi-cal, and immunohistochemical characteristics of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the case were studied and compared with NFTs in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The patient was a 78-year-old woman who had suffered from "sleeping sickness" at age 27 and parkinsonism developed 13 years later. NFTs were found in the brainstem, basal ganglia, subthalamus, hypothalamus, thalamusand hippocampus in addition to marked degenera-tion of the substantia nigra. In the brainstem, NFTs were found not only in the amine-containing neurons but also in the pedunculopontine nucleus, which was recently reported to have cholinergic neurons. NFTs were immunostained by anti-bodies against tau and ubiquitin, both of which have been identified as antigenic components of NFTs in Alzheimer's disease and also those in PSP. Ultrastracturally, NFTs were composed of paired helical filaments. In serial sections with stained with Congo red and Bodian stains, all NFTs visible with Bodian stain in the brainstem of the case seemed to have Congo red birefrin-gence which is produced by β-sheet conformation of protein. In contrast, in three cases of PSP, less than half of NFTs seemed to have birefringence. These findings suggest that the protein components of NFTs in PEP and PSP are common to each other, but the conformation of the protein of some NFTs in PSP may be different from those in PPE.
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