先天性小耳症・外耳道閉鎖症について

CONGENITAL MICROTIA AND MEATAL ATRESIA

　I．緒言

　近年，新生児管理の進歩，妊娠中の薬剤摂取やVirus感染などの諸因子によると思われる各種奇形児が増加する傾向を示している。

　吾科領域においては各種耳介奇形，特に小耳症はその発生原基の関係からして下顎，眼瞼の発育不全を合併する事が多いので美容的問題点とともに難聴という機能的問題点も存在し，親は早期手術を希望する事が多い。

　We studied 88 cases, 103 ears, of congenital microtia and meatal atresia who were hospitalized for treatment during the 7 years, from January, 1965 to December, 1972. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The degree of abnormalities of the auricles and ear ossicles, in which meatotympanoplasties were performed, occurred almost in parallel agreement with each other.

　2. In following the present method of operative technics, access to the tympanic cavity should be approached through the attic or the aditus ad antrum instead of that through the mastoid cavity where several demrits may be met with.

　3. We encountered 3 cases of postoperative facial paralysis; the cause of the injury in each case was analysed.

　4. For corrections of bilateral atresia we are inclined to delay the operation until the child becomes 2 years of age when the child gains the speech development; and for unilateral atresia until the age of 3 or 4 when binaural hearing may develop or may be aided hearing aids.