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ミトコンドリア脳筋症・乳酸アシドーシス・脳卒中様発作症候群(MELAS)ではミトコンドリアロイシンtRNAのアンチコドンにおけるタウリン修飾欠損によりコドンの翻訳障害が惹起される。高用量タウリン補充療法の医師主導治験により脳卒中様発作の再発抑制効果,タウリン修飾率の改善,安全性が示され,2019年に適用追加が薬事承認された。最近,L-アルギニン塩酸塩も脳卒中様発作急性期および間欠期治療として適応外使用の保険診療が承認された。
Abstract
In MELAS, taurine modification defect in the anticodon of mitochondrial leucine tRNA causes codon translation failure. An investigator-started clinical trials of high-dose taurine therapy, that showed its efficacy in preventing stroke-like episodes, and improving the taurine modification rate. The drug was found to be safe. Taurine has been approved as a drug covered by public insurance for prevention of stroke-like episodes since 2019. Recently, L-arginine hydrochloride has also been approved for off-label use as a treatment for both acute and intermittent stages of stroke-like episodes.
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