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急性期網膜静脈分枝閉塞症21例21眼とhemi-CRVO 2例2眼に対し,波長610nmの色素レーザーを用いて光凝固を行ない,その治療効果と副作用を検討した。経過観察期間は3ヵ月から9ヵ月,平均5.1ヵ月である。症例は全例,黄斑部に出血と浮腫があり,全例放置すればさらに視力低下が起こると予想された。
出血吸収は22眼で見られ,嚢胞様黄斑浮腫(CME)は15眼中13眼で,CMEを伴わない黄斑浮腫は8眼中7眼で改善した。治療後の視力は,2段階以上の視力改善で10眼,不変が9眼,2段階以上低下が3眼であった。晩期合併症として,光凝固9ヵ月後に1眼に網膜新生血管が生じた。クリプトンレーザー光凝固で見られるような脈絡膜出血,過剰凝固等の合併症はなかった。網膜神経線維層萎縮は6眼で観察され,うち5眼では,光凝固部位に一致していた。
610nmの波長は,急性期網膜静脈分枝閉塞症の出血,浮腫の吸収に従来のアルゴン,クリプトンレーザーと同様に有効であった。また,出血部でも網膜外層の凝固が可能であり,術中の凝固斑が見やすく,術後の凝固瘢痕をコントロールしやすいことが利点と判断された。
We conducted a prospective study of dye laser photocoagulation for 23 eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion in its active stage. We used wave-length of 610 nm. The cases were followed up from 3 to 9 months, average 5.1 months. Presence of macular edema threatening visual acuity was a major criterium for eligibility in the study.
Ophthalmoscopically, an early resolution of hemo-rrhage resulted in 22 eyes (96%). Out of 15 eyes with cystoid macular edema (CME), 13 eyes re-sponded by resolution or reduction in CME. Out of 8 eyes with noncystoid macular edema, 7 eyes responded by reduction in the edema. Visual acuity improved by 2 lines or more in 10 eyes, remainedunchanged in 9, and deteriorated by 2 lines or more in 3.
Retinal neovascularization developed 9 months later in 1 eye. Nerve fiber layer defect (NFLD) corresponding to the sites of photocoagulation in 5 eyes. No other complications were observed throughout the follow up period.
The findings indicate that photocoagulation using 610 nm dye laser is beneficial to branch retinal vein occlusion in its active stage. Early resolution of macular edema and retinal hemor-rhage can be effected by the treatment. This wave-length seemed to be indicated because the laser is transmitted through the hemorrhagic layer and is sufficiently absorbed by the retinal pigmemt epith-elium.
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