病院で発生する音に関する研究—患者と看護婦の認識の違い

A Study on the Perception of Noises Generated in the Hospital: Discrepancies Observed between Patients and Nurses

【抄録】

　病院で発生する音に関して、本研究は、患者と看護婦の認識の違いを明らかにし、快適な入院環境の提供に役立てる目的で行った。ランダムに選ばれた看護婦55名と、38名の患者から了解が得られ、それぞれにアンケート調査を行った。

　不快に思う順に5種類の音（いびき、トイレの水流音、看護婦の足音、ワゴン車などの移動音、患者の話し声や動く音）の順位をつけた。不快の順位により5点から1点の得点を与え、順位値の比較を行った。その結果、看護婦は「看護業務に伴う音」、患者は「入院生活に伴う音」が上位にあり認識の違いが示された。

　5種類の音に対して不快と感じる程度を選ばせた。不快の程度により5点から1点の得点を与え、看護婦・患者間のグループの平均値を比較した。その結果、いびき以外の4項目の音に、看護婦と患者に有意差がみられた（P＜0.005）。いびきには有意差はみられなかった。

　これらの結果から、2つのグループには、病院の物音に対して同一の認識がない事が示された。

【abstract】

　This study was conducted to clarify differences in perception of various noises in the hospital between patients and nurses with the aime. To contribute to providing patients with comfortable environments in the hospital. Thirty-eight patients and 55 nurses, who were selected randomly and had given their informed consent, answered the questionnaire about noises in the hospital.

　Each participant ranked the five kinds of sounds(snores, flushing of the toilet, footsteps of nurses, noises of carts, voices and movements of patients)and ranked them from 5 to 1 by the level of discomfort. The result is as follows. The sounds which were ranked 5 were totally different between the two groups. Nurses ranked highly "those sounds relating to hospital service". On the contrary, patients ranked highly "those sounds accompany hospital life".

　Each participant ranked the discomfort level of five kinds of sounds and scored them from 5 to 1 by the level of discomfort. Comparing the average score of two groups, the average score of "snores" was equall, but those of the other 4 sounds were significantly different(p＜0.005).

　These results suggest that the two groups do not have identical perceptions of environmental noises in the hospital.