検査・処置を受ける幼児後期の子どもに付き添う母親の支援プロセス

The Support Process of Mothers Who Attend to Preschool Children Undergoing Medical Examinations and／or Procedures

要旨

　目的：本研究は，検査・処置を受ける幼児後期の子どもに付き添っている母親の支援プロセスを明らかにすることを目的とした．

　方法：14 名の母親を対象に，検査・処置場面の参加観察および半構成的面接を行い，Grounded Theory Approach を用いて分析した．

　結果：全ての母親が，不安や恐れをもつ《子どもの思いへの寄り添い》をしていた．それだけに，母親は，《最小限にとどめたい必要な処置》と考えていった．そして，母親は，検査・処置を乗り越えさせたいと願い，子どもを依存させることと後押しとのバランスをとりながら《子どもの足場づくりへの調整》を行っていた．その際，《後ろ盾となるための保障》を得られた母親は《後ろ盾としての自信》を持てたが，そうでなかった母親は《後ろ盾への見通しの混乱》を生じた．

　結論：母親が子どもの頑張れる力を信頼し支えられるためには，看護者からの付添いの保障と，幼児後期の子どもの反応や調整能力を支える関わり方への具体的な説明を必要としていることが示唆された．

Abstract

　Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify the support process of mothers who attend to preschool children undergoing medical examinations and/or procedures.

　Method: The data were obtained from participant observations during medical examinations and/or procedures, and semi-structured interviews of 14 mothers. The data were analyzed in accordance with the Grounded Theory Approach.

　Results: The results showed the follwing: All of the mothers gave their hearts to the children who were with anxiety and fear. Mothers hoped that necessary but the fewest medical examinations/procedures would be carried out, if possible, and that children could get through them easily. Balancing children's dependence on mothers with their encouragement to children, mothers tried to establish a mental foothold with which children could get through medical examinations/procedures. At that time, mothers who were ensured of their support came to have self-confidence as the supporter. Mothers who were not ensured got perplexed about got confused about how to support children.

　Conclusion: In order that mothers can trust and support children's abilities to do their best when undergoing medical examinations and/or procedures, it is important that nurses assist and promote mothers. It is also important to explain in detail how to deal with preschool children's responses and adjustments.