未就学児の母親である看護師のバーンアウトの関連要因

Factors Related with Burnout of Nurses Who Are Mothers of Pre-School-Age Children

要旨

　目的：仕事と育児の両立支援への一助とするために，未就学児の母親である看護師のバーンアウトの関連要因を明らかにすることである．

　方法：全国の市町立病院のうち，調査協力の得られた91病院の未就学児を持つ女性看護師2,892人に質問紙調査を実施した．調査項目は属性，職務環境，育児環境，対処行動，バーンアウト等とし，バーンアウトの関連要因を明らかにするために多重ロジスティック回帰分析を実施した．

　結果：回収は2,082人（回収率72.0％）であり，有効回答1,946人（93.5％）を解析の対象とした．オッズ比が3以上の要因は，超過勤務，仕事継続意思，育児への自信，コーピング方法であった．

　結論：未就学児の母親である看護師のバーンアウトに強く関連する要因としては，超過勤務，仕事継続意思，育児への自信，コーピング方法が明らかになり，超過勤務を回避する体制や育児に自信がもてるような育児支援体制の構築，ストレスコーピングの研修等の必要性が示唆された．

Abstract

　Objective: The objective of this study is to describe factors contributing to burnout in nurses who have pre-school-age children, to help them manage both job and child rearing.

　Method: At 91 hospitals established by cities and towns across Japan, upon consent a questionnaire survey was conducted on 2,892 female nurses who have pre-school-age children. Surveyed items included personal attributes, working environment, child rearing environment, coping behavior, and burnout. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate factors contributing to burnout.

　Result: Two thousand and eighty-two responses were collected (response rate 72.0%), and 1, 946 valid responses (93.5%) were analyzed. Factors whose odds ratios were 3 or higher were overwork, the will to continue to work, confidence in child rearing, and coping methods.

　Conclusion: Findings showed that overwork, the will to continue to work, confidence in child rearing, and coping methods were clearly correlated with burnout in nurses who have pre-schoolage children. A need to develop systems that eliminate overwork and support child rearing practices that bolster the nurses' confidence in child rearing as well as instructions on how to cope with stress, is suggested.