先天性外耳道閉鎖症の3症例

CONGENITAL ATRESIA OF THE EAR CANAL

　Ⅰ．緒言

　先天性外耳道閉鎖症にはしばしば耳介の奇形と中耳伝音機構の異常が随伴して見られる。したがつて本疾患に遭遇した場合，（1）聴器の解剖発生学的問題，（2）形成外科的問題，（3）耳科学的問題の三つの興味ある研究課題が提供される。特にわが耳科学的領域においては近年，中耳伝音機構修復術が著しく進歩し，この先天性異當の聴力改善を目的とする手術の適応に関する見解を大きく変貌させている。

　われわれは最近，先天性外耳道閉鎖症の3例の手術経験を得たので若干の考察を加えて報告する。

　Three cases of congenital ear canal atresia with deformed auricles were reported.

　Case 1 and 2 were unilateral and case 3 bilateral. All cases had severe hearing loss and meato-tympanoplasty was performed. On operation case 1 and 2 revealed some anomalies confined to the ear canal and obtained considerable hearing improvement. Whereas case 3 in which malleus and incus were fused and stapes was absent, showed no postoperative hearing gain.

　The developmental mechanism in these anomalies was discussed and some procedures in modern otomicroscopic surgery were reviewed.