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Genetic alterations in human gliomas Yoshinori Murakami 1 1Tumor Suppression & the Functional Genomics Project, National Center Center Research Institute Keyword: 神経膠腫 , がん抑制遺伝子 , マイクロサテライト不安定性 , TSLC1 pp.921-930
Published Date 2003/12/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100380
  • Abstract
  • Look Inside

 Adult gliomas, like many other solid tumors, develop and progress towards malignancy through accumulation of multiple genetic alterations. These include amplification of the EGFR gene and inactivation of the PTEN or TP53 genes. We found that the expression of the TSLC1, that we previously identified as novel tumor suppressor in lung cancer, as well as the expression of its homologous genes, TSLL1 and TSLL2, that belong to the immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules, was often lost in glioma cell lines, suggesting that alterations of these genes are involved in the progression of gliomas. On the other hand, it is known that portions of childhood gliomas develop as familial tumors caused by the germline mutations in several tumor suppressor genes. We found high-frequent microsatellite instability(MSI-H)in two of the 80gliomas examined, while the other 78gliomas showed microsatellite stable(MSS)phenotype. Both of the two MSI-H tumors were glioblastomas which developed in teenage patients. One of the patient was diagnosed as having Turcot's syndrome and had a germline mutation in the hMLH1 gene. The other patient had neither a family history nor a past personal history of malignancy. Although no mutation in the mismatch repair genes was detected in the tumor of this patient, the level of expression of the hMLH1 gene was markedly decreased and the promoter sequence of the gene was highly methylated. In the tumor of this patient, the PTEN1 gene, one of the genes carrying microsatellite sequences in their coding regions, was altered by a slippage mutation within 5 adenine repeat sequences. These findings indicate that the genetic or epigenentic inactivation of the hMLH1 gene is involved in a subset of early-onset gliomas and the PTEN1 gene could be a downstream target for mutation as observed in glioblastoma without MSI.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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