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Impairment of cell cycle regulation in malignant brain tumor cells Hideyuki Saya 1 1Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University Keyword: チェックポイント , 細胞分裂 , 分裂期崩壊 pp.915-920
Published Date 2003/12/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100379
  • Abstract
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 Cell cycle is the universal process by which cells reproduce. The most important events of the cell cycle are those concerned with the copying and partitioning of the hereditary material, that is replicating the chromosomal DNA during S phase and separating the replicated chromosomes during M phase. Controls operate that regulate onset of these events and compensate for errors in their execution. The precision with which cell cycle events are executed ensures the survival of living organisms, while loss of this precision increases genomic instability.

 Maintenance of genomic integrity after DNA damage depends on the coordinated action of the DNA repair and checkpoint systems during cell cycle. Checkpoints control a signaling system that changes in the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases(cdks), resulting in delay cell cycle progression. Arrest in G1 is considered to prevent aberrant replication of damaged DNA and arrest in G2 allows cells to avoid segregation of defective chromosomes. The failure in checkpoint control leads to genomic instability, which causes multiple DNA sequence alterations and chromosomal aberrations, and disposition to cancer.

 Most cancer therapies target cell cycle checkpoints by activating checkpoint-mediated cell death or by enhancing chemical sensitivity due to loss of checkpoint function. By treatment with genotoxic agents, cancer cells, which generally have impairment of checkpoint functions, initially arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle but are unable to maintain cell-cycle arrest. Those cells eventually die as they entered mitosis. This process is called'mitotic catastrophe'. This review discusses the critical relationship between mitotic checkpoint function and sensitivity of cancer cells to anti-tumor therapies.


Copyright © 2003, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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