強度近視眼の裂孔原性網膜剥離の発症年齢分布

Age of onset of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in high myopic eyes

　強度近視（-8D以上）に発生した裂孔原性網膜剥離128眼について検討した。網膜剥離の平均発症年齢は男性が36歳，女性が52歳であり，男性が有意に若く発症した（p＜0.001）。男性は50歳までにその83％が発症するのに対し，女性は50歳以降に58％が発症した。裂孔原因病巣別では，黄斑円孔群が41％，赤道部裂隙群が31％，網膜格子状変性円孔群が25％を占めていた。各病巣からの網膜剥離の平均発症年齢は網膜格子状変性円孔群が25歳，赤道部裂隙群が40歳，黄斑円孔群が64歳であった。強度近視における網膜剥離はおおむねこの3つの群から構成され，特に高齢女性の黄斑円孔網膜剥離の存在が大きな特徴であった。

We reviewed 128 eyes of 123 patients, 46 males and 77 females, who developed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in eyes with myopia of 8 diopters or more. The median age was 36 years for males and 52 years for females. The difference was significant (p＜0.001). Retinal detachment under age 50 developed in 83% of males and 42% of females. Retinal detachment was caused by macular hole 41%, tractional tear in the equatorial region 31% and hole associated with lattice degeneration 25%. The median age of each group was 64 years for macular hole, 40 for tractional tear and 25 for hole associated with lattice degenera-tion. The findings show that rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in high myopic eyes are composed of three major groups. Retinal detachment due to macular hole in aged females is the most frequent subcategory.