頸動脈毬を起点とする赤血球調節経路に就いて

緒言

　Haller （1943）に依り頸動脈分岐部に発見された頸動脈毬はAndersch （1797），　Brüns （1814），　Mayer （1833），　Valentine （1833），　Luschka （1862）等に依り，漸次解剖学的研究が明かにされると同時に，頸動脈分岐部神経も，De Castro （1928），　Boyd （1937），　Sheehan （1941），布施（1949）等に依り，漸次詳細な研究が進められて来た。

　他方頸動脈毬の生理学的研究が進められると同時に，臨床的意義も注意をひき，J．　Jacobovici，　A．　Pop （1929）等を始めとして，D．　Danielopolu，　J．　Güibel （1933），　G．　Galli （1938）等の頸動脈毬剔出術を試みるものを生じた。然し乍ら其の効果は判然たるものではなかつた。

Since surgical extirpation of the carotid body has been advocated,the reflex tract for control of erythrocyte count, arising from the carotid body, has been explored at our clinic for the better understanding of functions of this body as a chemoceptor. Thus, it has been evidenced hitherto that the carotid body well partakes control of erythrocyte count and is also asso-ciated with distresses caused by the automatic nervous systems, besides its controlling action to respiration and blood pressure.

Among them, I have acertained the interesting fact,as outlined thereafter, in our exploration of the centripetal tract transfering reflex fibers which affect the number of erythrocytes.

In 47 matured rabbits which underwent vari-ous operations and intravenous administration of NaCN on the pre- and postoperative date so as to prove whether or not the tract had been se-vered by the preceeding operation, the tract has been pursued pathologically after sacrifice of these animals by bleeding on various dates. These specimens from autopsy are stained with several methods such as Nissl's, Marchi's Biel-schowsky's and Flemming-Man's method accord-ing to each purpose.

It is concluded from our experiments that the reflex tract for control of erythrocyte count, arised from this body, passes along the interca-rotid sympathetic branches and changes neuron at the Ggl. cerv. sup. and passes through the communicated branch between the Ggl. cerv. sup. and the vagus nerve, thus joins the main tract of the vagus nerve and ascends around the lateral capsule of the Ggl.nodosum without entering this node, and arrives at the nucleus dorsalis vagi. It is also evidenced that marked degenerative changes in the nucleus dorsalis vagi, which are confined to the middle and small nervous cells, but not to the large ones, are distributed mainly in the lower 1/3 to 1/4 portion of the medula oblongata above the obex.

It is our belief that according to our observa-tions, a portion of the nucleus dorsalis vagi fo-rms one center of the reflex tract for control of erythrocyte count, and this tract must form one loop with another centrifugal reflex tract which was discovered by Prof. Komiya and this relationship will be demonstrated by further ex-ploration of tracts extending from this nucleus to the hypothalamus or further from the hypo-thalamus toward the medula oblongata.