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要旨 Guillain-Barré 症候群(GBS),Fisher症候群(FS)の診断補助用にIgG抗GM1抗体,抗GQ1b抗体の検出キットを開発し,その有用性を検討した。抗GM1抗体の陽性率はGBS(n=95)で49%,対照群(疾患[n=41],正常[n=105])で5%以下であった。抗GQ1b抗体はFS(n=55)の85%が陽性で,対照群全例が陰性であった。抗GM1抗体検出キットで陰性と判定され,他のガングリオシドに対するIgG抗体が検出されたGBS例が8例あったが,その半数は外眼筋麻痺を伴い,抗GQ1b抗体陽性であった。発症1週以内の抗体陽性率はGBS(58%),FS(89%)ともに,髄液蛋白細胞解離(GBS 32%,FS 20%)と比べ,高かった。以上より,本キットを用いた抗ガングリオシド抗体測定はGBSやFSの早期診断に役立つことが示された。
We developed testing kits for anti-GM1 and anti-GQ1b IgG antibodies and examined their utilities in supporting the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome(GBS)and Fisher syndrome(FS). Anti-GM1 antibody was detected in 49% of 95 patients with GBS and in 5% or less of disease and normal controls. Anti-GQ1b antibody was detected in 85% of 55 patients with FS, whereas in none of the controls. Eight GBS patients, in whom anti-GM1 IgG antibody was judged negative using the kit, were found to have other anti-ganglioside IgG antibodies. Four of them showed ophthalmoplegia and had anti-GQ1b IgG antibody. Detection of anti-GM1 IgG antibody in GBS and of anti-GQ1b IgG antibody in FS within one week after the disease onset were significantly more frequent compared to albuminocytologic dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluids(GBS, 58% vs 32%; FS, 89% vs 20%). These findings indicate that our testing kits are useful for supporting the early diagnosis of GBS and FS.
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