痛み質問紙の開発—McGill Pain Questionnaire（MPQ）の作成と検証

The Development of a Pain Questionnaire: Making and Approval of Japanese McGill Pain Questionnaire

はじめに

　痛みは元来その人の主観的な感覚であり，痛みの体験を他人に伝えることはきわめて困難であり，同時に他人が体験している痛みの強さを評価することも，非常に難しい。

　近年，痛みとは，「不快な感覚的体験であるとともに，感情的体験である」^1）と定義され，器質的原因に基づく痛みを偏重するという従来のとらえ方を見直す動向にある。

　This paper describes the procedures for development of the Japanese McGill Pain Questionnaire (JMPQ). MPQ, a tool for measuring multiple dimensions of pain, consists of 78 words categorized into 4 major classes and 20 subclasses.

　In the first part of the study the JMPQ was made.

　In the second part of the study, the pain intensity was evaluated by the descriptions within each subclass from 13 graduate students of nursing. Then 19 nurse-midwife students took 2 pretests and were asked to determine the pain intensity within each subclass and classify the 78 words into each dimension of pain. Based on the responce, the JMPQ was modified.

　Finally, to examine the correlation between JMPQ and the Visual Analogue Scale or the Verbal Rating Scale, 104 subjects (41 primiparas and 64 multiparas) responded to 3 self-report measures during the early, active, and transitional phases of the first stage of labor and immediately after delivery for the second stage of labor.

　It is suggested that JMPQ is a useful tool for measurement and assessment of pain, especially chronic pain.