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はじめに
著者は現在,日本医科大学形成外科に所属し,手足の形成外科外来を担当している。近年,特に手指の変形性関節症を主訴として来院する患者が増加している。主な訴えは,①関節の疼痛,②関節可動域の制限,③外観の変形(いわゆるヘバーデン結節や指軸偏位)の3つに大別される(図1)。保存的治療が奏効しない場合,関節固定術や人工関節置換術といった外科的治療が選択されるが,従来はその治療成績を,骨癒合の有無,関節可動域の改善,合併症の発生頻度といった術者目線の客観的指標で評価することが一般的であった(図2)。しかし,実際には術後に「痛みが残る」「見た目が気になる」といった患者の主観的な不満が残ることも多く,これらは従来の評価項目では十分に拾いきれていなかった。
こうした背景から,近年では患者自身が実感した治療効果を可視化する手法,すなわち患者報告アウトカム(patient-reported outcomes:以下,PRO)が注目されている。特に形成外科は,疼痛や整容といった主観的要素が満足度と直結しやすい診療科であり,PROとの親和性が高い。
本稿では,形成外科領域におけるPROの意義,代表的な評価ツール,実践例,および今後の課題と展望について概説する。
In recent years, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have gained increasing attention in the fields of plastic and reconstructive surgery as essential tools for capturing patient-centered treatment effects. Surgical success has traditionally been evaluated based on clinician-reported outcomes (e.g., joint range of motion, bone union, and complication rates). However, these objective indicators often fail to reflect patientsʼ subjective satisfaction with their surgery or medical treatment. This paper introduces the clinical significance of PROs in plastic surgery, drawing from my research experience at the University of Michigan. A prospective study evaluated the outcomes of pyrolytic carbon arthroplasty for finger osteoarthritis, using both objective functional measures and the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ), which was developed in 1998. Although the functional improvement reported by the patient population was limited, the patientsʼ PRO scores improved significantly, suggesting high patient satisfaction despite implant-related complications. The article further discusses the methodological requirements for using validated PRO tools, including patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) translation protocols and licensing procedures. The growing impact of PROs in peer-reviewed publications, whose inclusion often determines the acceptance of PRO studies as original research, is also discussed. PROs serve as powerful tools to visualize the value of treatments from the patientʼs perspective, shifting surgical goals from clinician satisfaction to outcomes that truly resonate with patients.

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