認知症の行動・心理症状（BPSD）対応の基礎知識向上研修会の有用性―保健医療福祉従事者の職種別比較

Utility of the Basic Seminar for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia on Medical Health Professions

抄録

　本研究では，認知症高齢者ケアに携わる保健医療福祉従事者（78人）を対象とし，認知症の行動・心理症状（BPSD）対応の基礎知識向上研修会参加によるBPSD基礎知識およびメンタルヘルスに与える影響を検討し，研修会の有用性を明らかにすることを目的とした．

　研修会前後の各測定値を比較した結果，BPSD基礎知識，バーンアウト（MBI）の情緒的消耗感，個人的達成感に有意な改善が認められた．一方，精神健康度（GHQ），疲労度に有意差は認められなかった．職種別（看護師，作業療法士，相談職，介護職）の比較では，BPSD基礎知識は看護師のみに，バーンアウトは情緒的消耗感が看護師，作業療法士に，個人的達成感はすべての職種に有意な改善が認められた．

　本研究では，研修会の参加によるBPSD基礎知識の向上およびバーンアウトの改善効果が明らかになった．特に看護師の効果が顕著であったことから，職場外に自己研鑽やメンタルヘルスのサポートを受ける場をもつことの有用性が示唆された．

　The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of seminars aimed at improving basic knowledge related to behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) on health professions' understanding and own mental health.

　In this study, the 78 participants were all health professions who care for older people with dementia.

　Before and after the seminar series, they were checked by confirmation test about suitable care for BPSD, assessed on their mental health state by the Maslach burnout inventory (MBI) and the general health questionnaire (GHQ), and marked for subjective fatigue on visual analog scale (VAS). Each were analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

　After the seminar, there were significant improvements in basic knowledge of BPSD, the MBI emotional exhaustion and MBI personal accomplishment. On the other hand, no significant differences could be found in the GHQ or the fatigue level. Looking at the comparison between occupations (nurses, occupational therapists, social workers and caregivers), the improvement in basic knowledge of BPSD was found to be in nurses. All occupations showed improvements in MBI personal accomplishment, while only nurses and occupational therapists demonstrated improvements in MBI emotional exhaustion.

　In conclusion, it was shown that health professions' participating in the seminars improved their understanding of the BPSD, MBI emotional exhaustion and MBI personal accomplishment. There were especially strong, effective results shown in nurses. These findings might indicate the benefits of having opportunities for self-learning and access to mental health care outside their workplaces.