高齢者がとらえる小地域の環境のストレングス

Strengths of Environments of Small Areas Understood by the Elderly

抄録

　本研究の目的は，地域包括ケアシステムを開発するための基礎調査として，高齢者がとらえる小地域の環境のストレングスを明らかにすることである．

　人口4,000人規模の小地域在住の高齢者へのアンケート調査のなかから，高齢者がとらえている環境のストレングスに焦点化し分析した．その結果，キーセンテンスが93，サブカテゴリーが18，カテゴリーが7つ抽出された．

　高齢者がとらえる小地域の環境のストレングスは，資源と社会関係に関連していた．資源としてのストレングスは，【利便性のある生活環境】に恵まれ，【安心・安全な街並み】で，【子どもを育みやすい文教地区】のよさがあり，多世代が【住民の拠点である公民館】に集まり【活発で豊富な活動】が挙げられていた．社会関係のストレングスは，【多様性のあるつながり】と【根づいている地縁】がとらえられていた．今後は個人に加え環境のストレングスにも着目した地域包括ケアシステムを構築していく必要がある．

　The purpose of the study was to clarify the strengths of environments of a small region that were understood by the elderly as a basic survey to develop an integrated community-care system. In the questionnaire survey for the elderly living in a small region of about 4,000 people, the study focused on the strengths of environments that the elderly realized, and analyzed them. As a result of the analysis, 93 key sentences' 18 sub-categories and seven categories were extracted in total. The strengths of environments of a small region that the elderly living there realized were related with resources and social relationships. The strengths understood to be resources were consisted of “a convenient living environment”, and had good aspects such as “a reliable and safe townscape”, and “school zones where it is easy to raise a child”. In addition, many generations gathered in the “community center as a base for residents” and did “abundant and lively activities”. On the other hand, the strengths of social relationships realized by the elderly were “diverse connections” and “rooted territorial connections”. In conclusion, the study suggests that it is necessary to establish the integrated community care system focusing on the strengths of environments as well as individuals in the future.