迷路及び錐体尖手術を中心としたる内耳のレ線解剖学的研究

　緒論

　内耳即ち蝸牛殼，前庭及び三半規管の側頭骨内に於ける位置，殊に其の立体的構造は我々耳科医にとつて極めて難解である．以前には所謂内耳性腦膜炎を惹起するものとして，内耳に対する操作は極めて恐れられていた．

　即ち内耳に頭蓋内の腦脊髄腔と交通があるので之を損傷すれば容易に内耳炎を起し，更に内耳性化膿性腦膜炎を起して不幸の転起をとるからである．依つて僅に内耳炎の場合に其の機能が消失するのを待つて内耳剔出を行つたのである．此の内耳性腦膜炎の問題の為に迷路周囲部の手術的操作迄も内耳炎を惹起する危険がありとして殆んど禁ぜられていた．

NAGAI says that, along with Lempert's fenes-tration operation, the center of attention is rece-ntly inclined towards opeartion on the petrous pyramid. Yet, there is a handicap in having an inadequate knowledge of anatomy in this structure because of the indifference with which the part hah been noted in the past.

To compensate such inadaquacy the author studies the parietal bone by means of roentgenograms and with special attention focussed upon important la-ndmarks of the inner ear and petrous pyramid.

The bony labyrinth on a cadaver is filled with radio-opaque material by which the inner ear is visualized. For this purpose the stereoscopic pictu-res obtained by employment of various exposure methods as described by Stenvers, Schuller, Yo-shiye, and Sonnenkalb-Lange proved to be the most useful. Other pictures are taken with emp-hasis laid on points that might be closer to positi-on of actual operation.

In this way an attempt is made to clarify the relation of parts of inner ear, such as semicircular canals, vestibular apparatus, cochlea and internal aural canal, to each other as well as that of the ear to other structures, the facial nerve, carotid artery and jugular vein. The points essential to operations on petrous pyramid and inner ear are discussed; emphasis is placed upon the importance of making stereoscopic pictures in order to gain a clear knowledge of the anatomy of this part will withstand clinical application.