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Human genetics of alcohol and substance dependence Hiroshi Ujike 1 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Keyword: substance dependence , linkage study , association study , gene-chip pp.727-738
Published Date 2006/10/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100393
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 It has been demonstrated that genetic factors affect strongly development of substance dependence including alcohol and smoking, and twin studies indicated that hereditary rate was over 70%. Many linkage and association studies were preformed in different populations and showed many loci and genes associated with substance dependence. As shared genetic factors, functional polymorphisms of genes encoding D1 and D2 dopamine receptors, mu-opioid receptor, prodynorphin, subunits of GABA-A receptor and 5HT transporter were risk for alcohol, amphetamines, opioids, cocaine and nicotine dependence. As specific genetic factors, dysfunction alleles of the alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genes were potent negative factors against alcohol dependence, and poor metabolizer of CYP2A6 was negative risk for nicotine dependence. Besides dependence, substance-induced psychoses were also affected by individual genetic background, and genetic variants of dopamine-beta hydroxylase and dopamine transporter were risk for hallucination and delusion induced by cocaine, alcohol and methamphetamine.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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