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要約 目的:3年間に当院眼科で入院加療を要した角膜潰瘍38例38眼の検討。
対象と方法:2016年4月〜2019年3月の角膜潰瘍入院例を対象に,誘因,検出菌,観血的治療の有無,入院日数,視力予後などについてレトロスペクティブに検討した。
結果:平均年齢は73.6±16.1歳〔20〜93(標準偏差)歳〕で,男性19例,女性19例であった。誘因として考えられたものは糖尿病が10例と最も多い一方,コンタクトレンズ装用は1例であった。菌検出率は37眼中10眼(27.0%)であった。角膜穿孔発症例は7例(18.4%)に認めた。観血的治療を要した例(手術群)と要さなかった例(非手術群)は,ともに38例中19例(50.0%)ずつであったが,透析患者は4例全例が手術群で,うち3例は糖尿病腎症によるものであった。平均入院日数は非手術群の14.1±9.3日に対して,手術群は23.6±15.6日と,統計学的に有意に長かった(unpaired t-test,p=0.029)。最終視力が0.01未満の視力予後不良例は,両群間に差がなかった。
結論:当院周辺には中核病院が少なく重症例の紹介が多いためか,観血的治療の有無にかかわらず視力予後不良例が多かった。糖尿病および透析は角膜潰瘍発症および重症化のリスクファクターと思われた。高齢の症例が多く,高齢化社会の日本の現状が浮き彫りになりつつあると思われた。
Abstract Purpose:To report 38 patients who were hospitalized for corneal ulcer in the past 3 years.
Cases and Method:We reviewed the medical record of 38 patients who were hospitalized for corneal ulcer during 3 years through 2016. We evaluated the cause, causative microorganism, surgery, and visual outcome.
Results:The series comprised 19 males and 19 females. The age ranged from 20 to 93 years, average 73.6±16.1 years. All were unilaterally affected. Ten cases had diabetes mellitus. Only one was a wearer of contact lens. Culture of corneal scraping was positive in 10 out of 37(27.0%). Surgery was performed in 19 patients, including 4 out of 4 patients who were under artificial dialysis for diabetic nephropathy in 3 cases and one for polycystic kidney. Hospitalization lasted for 23.6±15.6 days in patients who received surgery and 14.1±9.3 days who did not. The difference was significant(p=0.029). There was no difference in the rate of visual acuity less than 0.01 between the two groups.
Conclusion:The primary cause for poor visual outcome may be due to the location of our hospital in the rural area far from major cities. Diabetes mellitus and artificial dialysis contributed to the poor visual outcome. Many cases were senile and seemed to reflect the current state of population in Japan.
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