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要約 目的:筆者らは退行性眼瞼下垂に対して眼瞼挙筋短縮術を行い,術後角膜乱視の変化および視機能改善について報告した。今回,術前後のコントラスト感度変化について検討したので報告する。
対象と方法:対象は,はなみずき眼科にて退行性眼瞼下垂手術を施行した20例40眼(年齢72.8±8.7歳)。Margin reflex distance(MRD)≧1mmを軽症群,MRD≦0mmを重症群に分類した。全例に挙筋短縮術を行い,必要に応じて皮膚切除を併用した。術前および術後1か月に,MRD計測,裸眼視力,5mでの明所視および薄暮視のコントラスト感度をcontrast glare tester(CGT-2000)にて評価し,また,眼精疲労について視覚的評価尺度(VAS)によるアンケート調査を行った。
結果:両群ともに術後のMRDは有意に改善した(p=0.016,p=0.007)。視力変化は両群ともに有意差はなかった。軽症群では,コントラスト感度に術前後の有意な変化はなかったが,重症群では明所視および薄暮視のグレアoff状態の高周波数において有意な改善がみられた(p=0.022,p=0.018)。術後自覚症状のVASスコアは両群とも有意に改善し,特に重症群では視機能関連項目が有意に改善した(all p<0.05)。
結論:眼瞼挙筋短縮術後の視機能改善にはコントラスト感度向上が関与する可能性が示された。
Abstract Purpose:To report changes in contrast sensitivity following surgery for involutional blepharoptosis by levator resection.
Cases and Method:This prospective study was made on 40 eyes of 20 patients who received surgery for involutioal blepharoptosis during a 5-month period. The age averaged 72.8±8.7 years. All the eyes received CO2-assisted resection of levator and Müller muscle. Blepharoptosis was evaluated by means of margin reflex distance(MRD). Blepharoptosis was evaluated as mild when MRD was 1 mm or over and as severe when MRD was 0 mm over lower. Contrast sensitivity was evaluated regarding photopic and mesopic vision. Surgery was subjectively evaluated by questionnaire to the patients.
Results:There were 20 eyes with mild MRD and 20 eyes with severe MRD before surgery. MRD improved significantly in both groups after surgery(p=0.016, p=0.007 respectively). There was no difference in uncorrected visual acuity after surgery. Contrast sensitivy remained unchanged after surgery in eyes with mild blepharoptosis. It increased in high spatial frequency for photopic and mesopic vision in eyes with severe blepharoptosis(p=0.022, p=0.018, respectively). The eye strain, evaluated by visual analog score(VAS), improved in eyes with mild and severe blepharoptosis. The improvement was more manifest in visual functions(p<0.05).
Conclusion:Contrast sensitivity serves as indicator for improved visual function following surgery for involutional blepharoptosis.
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