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要約 目的:糖尿病網膜症に生じる漿液性黄斑剝離の病態の解明。症例:光干渉断層計で漿液性黄斑剝離と診断し,6か月以上の経過が観察できた糖尿病網膜症11例16眼の病歴を解析した。男性8例,女性3例であり,年齢は52~71歳(平均62歳)であった。13眼が単純網膜症,3眼が増殖網膜症であった。所見と経過:傍中心窩毛細血管網には全例で異常がなかった。検眼鏡所見から3群に分類できた。Ⅰ群:血管アーケード内に点状または斑状出血と毛細血管瘤が多発するもの(6眼)。Ⅱ群:輪状網膜症を呈する毛細血管瘤があるもの(4眼)。Ⅲ群:白斑や毛細血管瘤がなく,透過性亢進部位の同定が困難なもの(6眼)。蛍光眼底造影を14眼に行い,12眼に透過性亢進部位があった。Ⅲ群中3眼に毛細血管瘤が発見された。これら12眼の透過性亢進がある部位に直接光凝固を行った。結果:漿液性黄斑剝離は光凝固後10眼で1~15か月(平均6.7か月)後に消失した。結論:糖尿病網膜症で生じる漿液性黄斑浮腫は,黄斑外の透過性亢進と毛細血管瘤によることが多い。
Abstract. Purpose:To elucidate the mechanism of serous macular detachment in diabetic retinopathy. Cases:This retrospective study was made on 16 eyes of 11 cases of diabetic retinopathy. All had serous macular detachment by optical coherence tomography(OCT). The series comprised 8 males and 3 famales. The age ranged from 52 to 71 years,average 62 years. Diabetic retinopathy was nonproliferative in 13 eyes and proliferative in 3. Cases were followed up for 6 months or more. Findings:Perifoveal capillary network was intact in all the eyes. Funduscopic findings showed three groups. Group 1:Multiple dot and blot hemorrhages with microaneurysms(6 eyes). Group 2:Circinate retinopathy with microaneurysms(4 eyes). Group 3:Hyperpermeable areas with no funduscopic abnormality. Fluorescein angiography showed hyperpeameable areas in 12 of 14 examined eyes. Laser photocoagulation was performed to areas of extravasation in 12 eyes. Results:Serous macular detachment resolved in 10 eyes after 1 to 15 months,average 6.7 months. Conclusion:Extravasation and microaneurysms in the extramacular area may induce serous macular detachment in diabetic retinopathy.
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