髄液電解質ならびに蛋白質の部位的差異について

REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE ELECTROLYTE AND PROTEIN CONTENTS OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

I．緒言

　髄液の生理，病態に関して従来きわめて多くの研究が行なわれているにもかかわらず，その基礎的な問題においてもまだ不明の点が少なくない。そのひとつとして，髄液の部位的な差異についても，まだ組成，成因その他の点で明らかにされていない面が多い。

　われわれは精神疾患について数年来，その髄液の病態生理の面から研究を行なつてきたが，その一端として髄液の電解質ならびに蛋白質の部位的差異を検索し，その意義を明らかにしようと試みた。

For the purpose of studying the regional differences in the electrolyte and protein con-tents of cerebrospinal fluid, the present au-thors determined and compared (1) cerebros-pinal fluid drawn by the fractional method in pneumo-encephalography, (2) cerebrospinal fluid obtained by lumbar puncture, (3) cereb-rospinal fluid obtained by suboccipital pun-cture, and (4) cerebrospinal fluid obtained by ventricular puncture. The subjects were 37 cases of schizophrenia. Na, K and Ca were determined by flame photometry; Cl by the Schales-Schales mercurial salt method ; and proteins by polarography and filter paper electrophoresis.

1. Regarding the cerebrospinal fluid which was collected by the fractional method in pneumo-encephalography, the more ascending was the order of the collection, that is, the upper than the lumbar subarachnoid space was the site of puncture, the lower were Na, K, Ca and Cl contents. In polarography, the upper cerebrospinal fluid, when compared with the lower, showed a decrease in the hei-ght of native and filtrate test waves. Electr-ophoretically, there was no great difference between the lower and the upper cerebrospi nal fluid, but the former was rich in α-glob-ulin and the latter in β-globulin.

2. Cerebrospinal fluid obtained from the lum-bar subarachnoid space contained less Na, K, Ca and Cl than did cerebrospinal fluid obta-ined from the cistern. Polarography revealed that cerebrospinal fluid obtained from the cistern exhibited a greater decrease in the height of native and filtrate test waves.

3. Cerebrospinal fluid obtained by lumbar puncture contained less Na, K, Ca, and Cl than did cerebrospinal fluid obtained by ven-tricular puncture. This tendency was marked especially in the case of K. Polarography disclosed a more remarkable fall in the height of native and filtrate test waves from cere-brospinal fluid obtained by ventricular pun-cture.

4. The cause of the regional differences in the electrolyte and protein contents of cereb-rospinal fluid were discussed in some respects.