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要旨●消化管は悪性リンパ腫の好発部位であり,肉眼型は多彩である.悪性リンパ腫の確定診断には,生検または外科的切除標本における病理組織学的診断が必要である.消化管の中でも,小腸は診断が最も困難な部位であり,CTやPET-CTなどのモダリティーでは小腸悪性リンパ腫の検出は困難な場合が多く,カプセル内視鏡やダブルバルーン内視鏡を用いた小腸精査を積極的に行うべきである.また腸管悪性リンパ腫と良性リンパ濾胞過形成の鑑別には積極的にNBI拡大観察を併用し,血管網減少や不整血管出現などの特徴的所見を拾い上げることが,リンパ腫の小病変の診断に有用である.
Malignant lymphoma is frequently detected in the gastrointestinal tract. The morphological characteristics of such lymphoma vary, and thus a pathological diagnosis by a biopsy or via surgical specimen is necessary for the definitive diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. Malignant lymphoma of the small bowel is quite difficult to diagnose even with CT(computed tomography)or positron emission tomography-CT. Capsule endoscopy and balloon-assisted endoscopy are essential for the accurate diagnosis of small bowel lymphomas.
In addition, magnifying narrow-band imaging is useful to detect malignant lymphoma-specific findings, such as decreased number of vascular networks or irregular vessels, and can help distinguish intestinal malignant lymphomas from benign lymphoid hyperplasia.
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