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要 旨
目的:A市の子育てサークルに参加する妊婦と乳幼児を育てる母親の自助・共助における災害の備えの実態とニーズを明らかにする。
方法:17の子育てサークルに所属する妊婦と乳幼児を育てる母親170名を対象とし、無記名Web質問紙調査を実施した。
結果:51名の回答を分析したところ、半数以上の回答者が備えていたものは懐中電灯と避難場所の取り決めであった。防災訓練の参加は2%であった。災害への不安の高さと近所の人同士の信頼および近所の人同士の助け合い、母親同士のつきあいに負の相関があった。災害の備えと近所の人同士の信頼に正の相関があった。備え教育として人とのつながり方や母子サークルを希望している人は3割弱であった。
結論:自助・共助の備えは十分ではなかった。信頼や助け合いが、災害の備えを促進させ不安が軽減すると示唆されたが、人とのつながりを希望している人は少なかった。今後、共助を見据えた介入が課題である。
Objective: To clarify the status of and need for disaster preparedness in terms of self-help and mutual aid among pregnant women and mothers raising infants and toddlers who participate in child-rearing circles in City A.
Methods: An open-ended web-based questionnaire survey was administered to 170 pregnant women and mothers raising infants and toddlers who belonged to 17 child-rearing circles.
Results: Of the 51 respondents, more than half had prepared a flashlight and arranged for evacuation sites in the event of a disaster; however, only 2% reported participating in disaster drills. A negative correlation was observed between acute anxiety about disasters and trust among neighbors, neighbors helping neighbors, and mothers socializing with each other. Conversely, a positive correlation was noted between disaster preparedness and trust among neighbors. However, less than 30% of the respondents wanted to connect with others or form mother-child circles for preparedness education.
Conclusion: Our investigation revealed insufficient self-help and mutual aid preparedness for disasters. The findings suggested that trust and mutual aid promote disaster preparedness and reduce anxiety. However, few respondents wanted to connect with others. Future interventions must focus on mutual aid.
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