在宅人工呼吸器使用児の母親の災害における備えの認識の実態と関連要因

Awareness of Disaster Preparedness of Mothers with Children using Respirators at Home and Related Factors

要約

目的：在宅人工呼吸器使用児の母親の災害における備えの認識の実態、および災害における備えの認識に関連する要因を明らかにすることである。

方法：東日本大震災発生時に最大震度5弱以上を観測した地域の呼吸器使用児の母親を対象に、郵送による無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施した。調査内容は、背景、災害における備えの認識、災害対策としての備蓄と訓練、災害発生時に頼れる支援者の状況である。各項目を単純集計し、災害における備えの認識と関連要因を明らかにするために単変量解析および重回帰分析を行った。

結果：88人を分析対象とした（有効回答率39.2％）。呼吸器使用児の母親の大部分は、治療に必要な物品の持ち出しや避難生活時の治療上の注意を認識していたが、治療に必要な物品の入手方法の認識は低かった。母親の災害における備えの認識には特に、3日分の子どもに必要な物品の準備、避難場所の確認、情報収集手段としてのラジオ、頼れる医療職の存在、子どもの呼吸ケアが影響していた。

結論：必要物品の備蓄や訓練など、具体的に行動することが母親の災害における備えの認識を高めていた可能性がある。

　Purpose: To understand the state of disaster preparedness of mothers with children using a respirator at home and factors related to their awareness of disaster preparedness.

　Method: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted by mail among mothers with children using a respirator at home in regions that recorded a maximum seismic intensity of 5-lower or higher during the Great East Japan Earthquake. Respondents were surveyed regarding their background, awareness of disaster preparedness, their preparation of supplies and disaster training, and the presence of dependable support. Responses were tabulated, and univariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine factors related to awareness of disaster preparedness.

　Results: Responses from 88 mothers were analyzed (39.2% valid response rate). Most of the mothers were aware of the precautions for bringing the necessary medical supplies and regarding treatment while living in evacuation shelters. They had low awareness, however, regarding methods of obtaining the necessary medical supplies. The factors that particularly influenced their awareness of disaster preparedness were the preparation of 3-day supplies of the child's necessities, confirmation of the evacuation sites, the use of a radio to collect information, the presence of dependable medical professionals, and the respiratory care of the child.

　Conclusion: Taking concrete actions, such as preparing the necessary supplies and training, may have improved the mothers' awareness of disaster preparedness.