妊婦を対象にした災害への備え教育プログラムの効果検証

Effectiveness of a Disaster-preparedness Education Program for Pregnant Women

要旨

　目的：妊婦を対象に災害への備え教育プログラムを提供し，その効果を検証することである．

　方法：災害への備えに関する知識を得て，その知識を活用した演習を行い，さらに，自宅で自分たちに必要な備えを実施し，取り組んだ内容を参加者間で共有・情報交換する，この一連のプロセスに妊婦とそのパートナーが参加するという教育プログラムを開発し，自記式質問紙を用いて，本プログラムを受講した介入群21名と，プログラムで使用する冊子のみを受け取った対照群40名の災害への備え行動および知識の変化を比較し効果を評価した．

　結果：行動および知識は介入群に有意に増加しており，特に，日ごろには実施率が低い災害時の連絡方法の取り決めなど，家族との調整を要する項目が増加した．

　結論：本教育プログラムは，妊婦の災害への備え行動を促進させる効果が示唆された．

　Purpose: To evaluate a disaster preparedness education program for pregnant women.

　Method: A gap exists between disaster knowledge and disaster preparedness. Therefore, an educational program was developed to promote preparedness for pregnant women vulnerable to disasters. The program included participation of pregnant women and their partners, learning about disaster preparedness, exercising useful knowledge, implementation at home, and sharing and exchanging information. Changes in the disaster preparedness behaviors and knowledge of 21 women in the intervention group who participated in the program and 40 women in the control group who received a booklet were quantitatively evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire.

　Results: Disaster preparedness behaviors and knowledge increased significantly in both groups, but the increase in the intervention group was more significant compared to the control group and included an increase in more complex items such as communication between families during disasters and confirm evacuation location and priorities.

　Conclusion: This program may improve disaster preparedness behavior in pregnant women.