リハビリテーションセンターの災害対策に取り入れたDisaster Imagination Game（DIG）の効果

Effects of the Disaster Imagination Game (DIG) on the Disaster Response in the Rehabilitation Center

抄　　録

目的：リハビリテーションセンターの災害対策訓練にDIGを取り入れた効果を明らかにする．

方法：無記名式自記式質問紙を用いた調査をDIG前，1回目DIG後，2回目DIG後の計3回実施し，量的，質的に分析した．

結果：DIGを2回実施したことにより，スタッフの災害対応への自己効力感や災害対応活動内容の評価，イメージ化が強化され，災害対応に対する不安が減少した．自由記載の内容分析では，1回目DIG後は，【DIGの有効性評価】，【行動指針や指示の必要性】，【災害時行動全般の困難】，【災害準備対策の充足を希求】の4カテゴリーが，2回目DIG後では，【2回実施のDIGの有効性評価】，【役割の明確化を希望】，【発災時の行動への不安】の3カテゴリーが抽出された．

結論：リハビリセンターの災害対策訓練にDIGを取り入れたことにより，災害準備への意識の強化と災害の備えに関する不安の軽減に一定の効果が示された．また，発災時の具体的行動課題が挙げられ，マニュアルの改訂や訓練継続の必要性が示唆された．

Objective

This study was aimed to clarify the effects of the Disaster Imagination Game (DIG) on the disaster response in the Rehabilitation Center.

Method

An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted a total of three times — before the DIG, after the first DIG, and then after the second DIG; these were then analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: The two DIGs strengthened the self-efficacy, ability evaluation, and image of the staff's ability to respond to disasters, reducing anxiety about responses. Four categories, which were “Effectiveness evaluation for DIG,” “Necessity of an action guideline and instructions,” “Difficulties related to actions at the time of a disaster” and “Desire for satisfying disaster preparedness strategy” were sampled from the content analysis results based on the free writing after the first DIG. Furthermore, the three categories of “Effectiveness evaluation of twice-conducted DIG,” “Desire for clarification of roles” and “Anxiety related to actions at the time of a disaster” were sampled.

Conclusion

The DIG adopted as part of the disaster control at the rehabilitation center has shown definite efficacy in reinforcing the awareness of disaster preparedness and in reducing the anxiety regarding disaster preparation. Moreover, it helped listing the problems with specific actions at the time of a disaster and indicated the necessity of revising the manual as well as continuing the training.