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Ascending reticular activating system revisited: Actions of the brainstem noradrenergic and cholinergic systems. Yukihiko KAYAMA 1 1Department of Physiology, Akita University School of Medicine pp.314-327
Published Date 1986/4/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431905784

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  • Abstract
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The well-known concept of ascending reticular activating system proposed by Moruzzi and Magoun (1949) is not made much of in the present days, possibly because it has not been known what kind of neurons in a area vaguely described as the reticular formation constitute the system. However, advance in neuroanatomy have revealed that there are three ascending systems arising from the brainstem nuclei, such as the noradrenergic projection from the locus coeruleus (LC), serotonergic projection from the raphe nuclei, and cholinergic projection from the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PTT). Now that these ascending projection systems are clearly defined, the classic concept of reticular activating system should be reexamined whether it can be described with new findings in thefields of neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and neuropharmacology. Here this problem is reviewed based on our studies in which noradrenergic and cholinergic influences on lateral geniculate neurons were examined. Action of serotonergic system on thalamic relay neurons is inhibitory, so that this is not thought to be an activating system.


Copyright © 1986, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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