後極部鈍体打撲症の成因に関する研究

Studies on the Genesis of Concussion Effect in the Posterior Pole of the Eye

I．緒言

　眼球の鈍体打撲による障害は眼球の各部位に発生し，眼瞼皮下出血，結膜下出血，前房出血，水晶体脱臼，脈絡膜破裂および出血，硝子体出血，網膜出血および剥離，網膜振盪，眼球破裂などと診断名がつけられている。その中で網膜脈絡膜に生ずる打撲性疾患の多くは，眼球の後極部に限局することが多く，特に乳頭および黄斑部を中心とした付近に多く発生する。最近当教室で，ボール，瓶，石などの鈍体打撲による眼外傷の多くが乳頭黄斑部周辺に起きた脈絡膜破裂，脈絡膜出血，網膜出血，乳頭浮腫であつた。そこで，今回眼球が鈍体打撲を受けた時，どの様な力が眼球に及ぼされるかを追求する目的でモデル実験を試みたので報告する。

Attempts were made to clarify the mode of occurrence of concussion effect in the fundus which is usually localised to the posterior part of the eyeball. Following experiments were made using simulating models :

1) An elastic rubber ball was painted with enamel over its inner surface and was then filled with Indian ink. The ball was then pla-ced in a funnel-shaped glass socket and a knocking force was applied upon its front. The concussion effect, or distension of the ball as shown by cracks in the painted enamel, was most remarkable at the opposite site to the place knocked.