小児癩癇に診ける棘波の年齢的特徴について

STUDIES ON SPIKE IN RELATION TO AGE IN CHILDREN OF EPILEPSY

I．緒言

　小児の癩癇は，その年齢によつて特徴のあるいくつかの発作型を来し易いことが一般に認められており，又，発作型に密接な関係のある脳波所見も既にいくつか知られている^1）。

　従来，小児に比較的多い脳波型としてspikeand waveが取り上げられ，hypsarhythmia，atypical spike and wave complex又は3c／sspike and wave等について，臨床的又は臨床生理学的研究が多くの学者によりなされて来た。

Electroencephalograms were recorded dur-ing sleep or awake in 728 epileptic cases of which the onset of seizures was before the age of 12 years, and spikes were found in 408 cases (56%). There was no remarkable difference in the incidence of spike discharges among all age groups from the statistical point of view. The characteristics of the spikes in each age group were as follows at the age of one or younger, hypsarhythmia was most commonly found, between one and 4 years multifocal spikes and after 4 years localized focal spikes.

The bursts of generalized spike and wavewere commonly found after 4 years of age. Between 2 to 4 years of age, the slow spike and wave complexes tended to become gro-uped in paroxysms, while the 3 c/s rhythm was not yet developed. The earliest age at which the paroxysmal bursts of bilaterally synchronous 1.5 to 2 c/s spike and wave were observed was 15 months, although the isola-ted slow spike and wave was generally found in infancy.

Focal spikes were found in 108 cases and the mid-temporal region was more commonly the site of focal epileptic disorder than any other cortical area.