サルコペニアに対する栄養による介入効果

Transdisciplinary Approach for Sarcopenia. Effect of nutritional support for the prevention of sarcopenia.

　サルコペニアは高齢者の日常生活動作や生活の質を低下させ，死亡率も上昇させる。サルコペニアにはさまざまな因子が関係しており，そのメカニズムは十分には解明されていない。運動と栄養はサルコペニアの予防や改善に有効な手段であると期待されている。栄養面では，たんぱく質特に分岐鎖アミノ酸やビタミンＤの効果が明らかになってきている。また，栄養と運動を組み合わせた介入がさらに有効であるという知見も報告されている。

　Sarcopenia is defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass and function. Sarcopenia is closely related with decreased physical function, fall, bone fracture, osteoporosis, and insulin resistance, which lead to increased morbidity and mortality in elderly people. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is complex and multifactorial, which remains not to be fully understood. Inappropriate food intake and reduced physical activity are known to increase the risk of developing sarcopenia. Resistance training and nutritional support have been shown to be an effective intervention for prevention of sarcopenia. Protein, especially branched chain amino acid, and vitamin D have been reported to improve sarcopenia. The intervention together with nutrition and exercise are more effective.