COVID-19影響下での成人（慢性）看護学実習における病棟実習とオンライン実習の学びの比較—テキストマイニングによる課題レポートの分析から

Comparison between Ward and Online Learning in Adult (Chronic) Nursing Practice during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of the Student's Learning via Text Mining of Assignment Reports

要旨

　目的：本研究の目的は，病棟実習とオンライン実習での学生の学びを明らかにし，今後の効果的な看護学実習の在り方を検討することである．

　方法：A大学看護学専攻3年次生の成人（慢性）看護学実習の課題レポートの記述内容を対象に，テキストマイニングを用いて語句の共起ネットワークと対応分析を行った．

　結果：病棟実習では，【患者のことを考えた介入】【患者を知ろうとする姿勢】【患者の目標を見据えた看護】【患者の身体的変化を捉える】【医療者としての責任】など10の学びが抽出された．オンライン実習では，【患者に必要な介入を考える】【自己効力感の向上が行動変容につながる】【退院後の生活について一緒に考える】【知識・情報の提供の必要性】など9つの学びが抽出された．

　結論：病棟実習とオンライン実習の各実習形態の特性を活かし，学生が効果的に学べるための看護学実習教育の教育環境を整える試みが必要であることが示唆された．

　Objectives: This study aimed to clarify students' learning in ward and online practical training and to examine the ideal form for future effective nursing practice.

　Methods: A co-occurrence network of words and phrases and correspondence analysis were conducted using text mining on the contents of assignment reports of third-year nursing students receiving adult (chronic) nursing practice during at University A.

　Results: Ten learning items, including [Patient-centered interventions], [Attempting to know the patient], [Nursing care that focuses on patient goals], [Catching physical changes in patients], and [Responsibilities as a medical practitioner], were extracted from the reports of on-site practical training. Nine learning items, including [Considering the intervention necessary for the patient], [Improvement of self-efficacy leads to behavioral change], [Thinking together about life after discharge], and [The need to provide knowledge and information], were extracted from the reports of online practical training.

　Conclusion: Creating an educational environment for nursing practice education that takes advantage of the learning characteristics of on-site and online practice may be a beneficial teaching strategy for effective learning.