医療福祉系学部をもたない看護系大学生の多職種協働に関する体験的学習の現状

Current Practices in Experience-based Learning Concerning Interprofessional Work of the Students at a Nursing University without a Department of Medical and Welfare Studies

要旨

目的：医療福祉系学部をもたない看護系大学に在籍する学生の多職種協働に関する体験的学習の現状を明らかにする．

方法：医療福祉系学部をもたないA大学看護学部4年生を対象に，多職種協働に関する体験的学習について質問紙調査を行った．選択回答式質問は単純集計し，自由回答式質問は質的帰納的に分析した．

結果：看護学生は臨地実習で看護職以外の他の専門職と関わると共に，多職種と協働する看護師の行動を観察し，多職種協働に関わる知識を得ていた．「保健医療福祉における協働と連携をする能力」の卒業時到達目標を達成したと学生は評価したものの，チーム活動に関わる評価は相対的に低かった．また，他の専門職との立場の違いに加え，職種の専門性と役割の知識不足を感じ，他の専門職との間に障壁を抱いていた．

考察：看護学生は4年間の臨地実習を通し，多職種連携のための協働的能力について学んでいた．今後はチームで問題を解決する能力を向上させる教育の工夫が必要である．

Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal current practices in experience-based learning concerning interprofessional work (IPW) of the students at a nursing university without a department of medical and welfare studies.

Method: A questionnaire survey on experience-based learning concerning IPW was conducted on fourth-year students in the faculty of nursing at a university without a department of medical and welfare studies. Simple tabulation for the closed-ended questions was obtained and a qualitative, inductive analysis was performed on the open-ended questions.

Results: At clinical practicums, nursing students had contact with other professionals and they observed nurses participating in IPW. Students acquired knowledge concerning IPW. While the goal of developing the “ability to collaborate and cooperate in the healthcare and welfare” by graduation was evaluated as being achieved, the evaluation of targets concerning team activities was relatively low. Acknowledging not only the different positions from other professionals but a lack of knowledge in each expertise and role, the students perceived a barrier between themselves and other professionals.

Discussion: During the four-year clinical practicums, nursing students learned about collaborative competency in the IPW competencies. Future studies will need to explore education methods that improve their ability to solve problems with a team.