介護老人福祉施設の看護職員と介護職員が考える人材定着に必要な職場環境の要素

Work Environment Factors Needed for Staff Retention According to Nursing and Care Staff Working at Facilities Covered by Public Aid Providing Long-term Care to the Elderly

要旨

目的：介護老人福祉施設の看護職員と介護職員が考える人材定着に必要な職場環境の要素を明らかにし，組織運営のあり方への示唆を得ることである．

方法：看護職員と介護職員で構成される3施設の計18名を対象に，フォーカスグループインタビューを実施し，質的帰納的に分析した．

結果：看護職員と介護職員が考える人材定着に必要な職場環境の物質的要素として，【働きやすい労働条件】，【ケアの質を高める体制】，【人材を育てる取り組み】が，人的要素として【上司の支援】，【職員間の調和】が抽出された．

結論：組織運営には，仕事と休暇の調和，職種の専門性を尊重した勤務形態，職員個々の能力開発のための教育体制の充実が必要である．また，施設長・上司を含めた施設内スタッフ間のサポート体制を基盤とした人的環境つくりが重要であることが示唆された．

Objective: The objectives of this study were to identify work environment factors that are needed for staff retention according to nursing and care staff working at facilities covered by public aid providing long-term care to the elderly, and to obtain input for organizational management.

Method: Focus group interviews were conducted with 18 participants working at three facilities that employed nursing staff and care workers. The data were then analyzed using qualitative inductive analysis.

Results: According to the nursing staff and care workers, the following work environment factors are needed for staff retention: “favorable working conditions”, “a system to improve quality of care” and “measures to develop human resources” as physical factors, and “support from superiors” and “harmonization among staff members” as personal factors.

Conclusion: Organizational management needs: i) an enhanced balance of work and rest, ii) work arrangements that value the expertise of the professionals, and iii) an educational system for capacity building catered to each individual staff member. The present study also revealed the importance of fostering a personnel environment that is based on a support system among the facility's staff, including the Facility Director and bosses.