就労妊婦の罪悪感：概念分析

Working Pregnant Women's Guilt Feelings: A Concept Analysis

要旨

目的：近年増加する就労妊婦に特化した支援を実現するには，就労妊婦としての特徴や就労妊婦ならではの心情に着目した知見が必要である．本概念分析の目的は「就労妊婦の罪悪感」の概念を明らかにし，今後の研究や就労妊婦に対する看護支援への示唆を得ることである．

方法：分析は，Walkerらによる概念分析の手順に沿って行った．罪悪感の一般的な捉え方，心理学，精神医学・精神分析学，看護学における用法の分析の結果，9つの罪悪感の定義属性を抽出した．分析結果を就労妊婦の経験・実態・否定的感情，働く母親の罪悪感という観点から文献検討した内容と統合した．

結果：就労妊婦の罪悪感は，［自己規範に違反した際の否定的感情］，［行為の自制をする感情］，［利益過剰状態に対する感情］の3概念で構成されていた．

結論：就労妊婦の罪悪感は，就労妊婦に対する理解を深める上で重要な概念であり，妊娠期の心理的健康に影響を及ぼす可能性も考えられる．今後の更なる研究の蓄積，測定用具の開発が求められる．

Purpose: There have been increasing numbers of working pregnant women and it is important to accumulate knowledge about their feelings and features specific to them. The study purpose was to clarify the concept of “working pregnant women's guilt feelings”.

Method: We reviewed the literature on the general view of guilt feelings as well as guilt feelings in psychology, psychiatry, and nursing using concept analysis based on Walker and Avant's model. Nine characteristics of guilt feelings were found and the differences between those feelings and related concepts (“shame,” “debt,” “qualm,” “being sorry”) were evaluated.

Results: The concept of guilt feelings were integrated with a review of the experience, situation, and negative feelings of working pregnant women, as well as working mothers' guilt feelings. The results suggested the following three constructs of working pregnant women's guilt feelings: “negative feeling when behaving the opposite to own norm,” which included the worker's role and pregnant women's role; “emotion of controlling own behavior,” such as troublesome behavior in the workplace and dangerous behavior to the baby; and “feeling because of extra favors,” such as taking leave and receiving concern from coworkers.

Conclusions: Working pregnant women's guilt feelings are important to help understand working pregnant women's situation more deeply and the potential impacts on their mental health. An accumulation of research and development of a measurement scale will assist with this.