看護系大学教師の実習教育に対する教師効力尺度の検討

Development of a Self-efficacy Inventory Toward Nursing Practice Teaching and Investigation of its Reliability and Validity

要旨

　本研究は，「実習教育に対する教師効力」を高める方策を考えるために，我が国の実習教育の実情に合った「実習教育に対する教師効力」を測定できる尺度を作成し，その信頼性と妥当性を検証することを目的とした．看護系大学の助手433名に予備調査で信頼性・妥当性の検討を経て作成した調査用紙を郵送し，245名より回答を得た．項目検討の後に因子分析を行ない7因子28項目を抽出し，尺度Self-Efficacy Toward Nursing Practice Teaching Inventory（以下SENPTIと表わす）を作成した．SENPTIは，7因子からなり，第1因子より順に『カンファレンスを実施できる自信』『看護実践能力を活用できる自信』『学習者としての学生を尊重する自信』『学びを深めるために技法を活用できる自信』『実習教育の準備ができる自信』『学生の状況を判断できる自信』『学生の学びを促進できる自信』と命名した．これら7因子の累積寄与率は，57.8％であった．SENPTIの妥当性は，内容的妥当性，基準関連妥当性について検討を行なった．基準関連妥当性については，一般性自己効力を測定しているセルフ・エフィカシー尺度と中程度の相関があることを確認した．信頼性は，Cronbach's α＝0.937により確認した．また，実習教育に対する教師効力と関連する概念の検討において，「実習教育に対する教師効力」と職業への志向性，職務満足感について関連がみられた．これらのことから，SENPTIは，「実習教育に対する教師効力」と関連要因の検討に使用可能な尺度あると考えられた．

Abstract

　The present study aimed at developing a teacher self-efficacy inventory for nursing teachers in nursing practice. 50-item questionnaires were mailed to 433 nursing teachers of which 245 were returned completed. Factor analysis identified 7 factors with 28 items: conference management, confidence in nursing practice, respect for students, utilization of teaching skills, preparation for practice education, appreciation of student situation, and facilitation of student learning. The 7 factors of the “Self-Efficacy toward Nursing Practice Teaching Inventory (SENPTI)” had an accumulation contribution percentage of 57. 8. SENPTI had promising reliability with Cronbach's alpha of 0.937. Both content validity and criterion-related validity were assessed. The criterion-related validity revealed medium correlation between SENPTI and a self-efficacy scale which measures general self-efficacy. Moreover, concepts related to teacher efficacy in practice education were examined. As a result, self-efficacy toward nursing practice teaching displayed a significant correlation with job-orientedness and job satisfaction. Results indicate that SENPTI is an instrument which can measure teacher efficacy and also that it has potential for analysis of related factors.