在宅要介護高齢者のADLギャップ自己効力感尺度の開発と，その信頼性・妥当性の検討

Development, Reliability and Validity of an ADL Gap Self-Efficacy Scale for Elderly Persons Requiring Home Based Nursing Care

要旨

　本研究はADLギャップ自己効力感尺度を開発し，慢性期の運動機能障害があり運動リハビリを受療中の在宅要介護高齢者146名を対象に，その信頼性と妥当性を検討した．本尺度は主成分分析とKappa統計による10項目からなる一次元尺度であるが，信頼性の検討の結果，Cronbach' α係数0.86で内的整合性があり，テスト・リテスト相関係数0.74で中等度の安定性も認められた．

　構成概念妥当性は本尺度とADLギャップ及び本尺度と抑鬱度との関連性より検討し，双方に有意な相関が認められ支持された．併存妥当性は本尺度と一般的自己効力感との関連性より検討したが，64歳以下，男性，歩行自立者の場合に支持された．本尺度の予測妥当性は直接的には支持されなかった．しかし，ADLギャップ自己効力感はADLギャップを通してADL変化に影響することが示され，間接的に支持された．

Abstract

　This study first developed an ADL gap self-efficacy scale and then examined the reliability and validity of this scale using 146 elderly persons requiring home based nursing care due to chronic motor function disability and undergoing motor rehabilitation. This scale is one-dimensional and consists of 10 items developed based on principal components analysis and Kappa statistics. The reliability assessment demonstrated that this scale had a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.86, which is an assessment of internal consistency. The mean test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.74, which is an acceptable level of stability.

　Construct validity was supported by a significant correlation between ADL gap self-efficacy and a depression index and between ADL gap self-efficacy and the ADL gap. Concurrent validity was supported by significant correlation between this scale and a standard self-efficacy scale when the examinees were 64 years or under, male and could walk independently. The predictive validity of this scale were examined by to discuss significant correlation between ADL gap self-efficacy and ADL change, umong ADL gap self-efficacy and ADL gap and ADL change. By using the ADL gap, it was shown that the ADL gap self-efficacy influences ADL change, which provides indirect support for the predictive validity of this scale.