障害のある子どもと社会をつなぐ家族のプロセス―障害児もいる家族として社会に踏み出す

The Trajectory of the Inclusion in the Family of the Child with a Disability toward the Community

要旨

　本研究は，障害のある子どもをもつ家族が，子どもを社会につなぐプロセスを明らかにすることを目的とし，Grounded Theory Approachに基づく継続的比較分析法を用いて行った．対象者は，障害のある子どもの親33名（15組の両親と3名の母親）で，子どもは学童期の身体障害のある子どもであった．

　本研究で見出されたカテゴリーは，《わが子の感解》，《障害をとりまく社会への現実志向》，《“うちの家族”の形成（再形成）》，《障害のある子どもと社会をつなぐ方略》の4カテゴリーであり，コアカテゴリーは［障害児もいる家族として社会に踏み出すプロセス］であった．親は障害のある子どもを育てるなかで，徐々に《わが子の感解》をし，《障害をとりまく社会への現実志向》をしながら，一方で《“うちの家族”の形成》を行っていた．そしてこれらのプロセスの中で徐々に，親は子どもと社会の関係を捉え，《障害のある子どもと社会をつなぐ方略》を用いるようになった．

Abstract

　This research aimed to clarify the process in which a family with a disabled child links him/her to society. This research employed a continuous comparative analysis which is based on the Grounded Theory Approach. The subjects included 33 parents (15 pairs of parents and 3 mothers) with physically disabled children of school age.

　Four categories found in this research were “acceptance* of my child,” “reality-orientation towards the society surrounding conditions of disability,” “formation (reformation) of ‘our own family,’” and “strategies which link disabled children to the society.” (*in this research “acceptance” specifically means that parents with disabled children understand their children not only notionally but actually understand with the feeling that “my child is what my child is, and it is convincing enough”). The core category was “the process to step out into society as a family not with only healthy members but also with the disabled child.” During the period of rearing disabled children, the parents gradually experienced “the acceptance of my child” and “being reality-orientated towards the society surrounding conditions of disability,” while they were undergoing the “formation our own family.” During these processes the parents gradually have come to recognize the relationship between their children and the society and to use the “measures which link disabled children to the society.”