エルサルヴァドルの保健医療施設の看護継続教育の今後の課題―看護継続教育担当者のパースペクティブから

The Evolutional Issues of Continuing Nursing Education in Health Care Facilities in El Salvador: Perspectives of Continuing Nursing Educators

要旨

　本研究の目的はエルサルヴァドルの保健福祉省管轄の保健医療施設の看護継続教育の現状を記述し，看護継続教育の向上への今後の課題を明らかにすることである．第1から第3次医療レベルの8ヵ所の保健医療施設の教育担当者への半構成的面接で得られた教育プログラムの展開過程，展開上の影響要因と問題のデータについて内容分析を用いた．その結果，看護継続教育プログラムは診断・立案・実施・評価で展開されていた．影響要因は（1）保健福祉省の施策，（2）看護継続教育に関する運営体制，（3）保健医療施設のヘルスサービスの特性，（4）教育担当者の能力，（5）教育担当者の能力開発であった．問題は不十分な組織の管理体制，教育担当者の役割遂行の困難，プログラムによる業務への支障であった．これらの結果より，看護継続教育の向上への今後の課題は教育担当者の役割の明確化と能力開発，各組織の看護継続教育の管理・支援の体制，国レベルにおける看護継続教育の基準・体系化と考えられた．

Abstract

　The purpose of this research was to describe the current situation of continuing nursing education（CNE）under the jurisdiction of the Department of Health and Welfare in El Salvador and to clarify the problems for improving CNE. We conducted semi-structured interviews with people in charge of education from eight different health facilities, from primary health care to third level health care. We also conducted content analysis on implementation processes, influence factors and problems of the program acknowledged by people in charge of the CNE in eight different health facilities.

　As a result, we found that the CNE program consists of diagnosis, planning, enforcement and evaluation. The five influencing factors were：（1）the policies of Ministry of Health and Welfare；（2）continuing nursing education management system；（3）characteristics of health service in health facility；（4）competencies of educators and（5）competency development of educators. Three problems were identified： inadequate organizational management；the difficulties of role performance of educators and the interference with their operation caused by the program.

　Based on the above, future tasks for improving the CNE should include： clarifying the role of educators and developing their competencies；organizational management and support systems for the CNE and creating national standards and systematization for CNE at the national level.