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Japanese Occupational Therapy Research Volume 13, Issue 4 （October 1994）

作業療法 13巻4号（1994年10月発行）

Japanese English

◆研究と報告

福祉機器・家屋改造と作業療法士の関わり Participation of Occupational Therapists in the Fitting of Technical Aids and Home Adaptation for Physically Handicapped Persons 阿藤京子 ¹ , 佐藤章 ¹ , 村松伸二 ¹ , 星克司 ² , 河合俊宏 ¹ Kyouko Atou ¹ , Akira Satou ¹ , Shinji Muramatsu ¹ , Katsuji Hoshi ² , Toshihiro Kawai ¹ ¹埼玉県総合リハビリテーションセンター ²埼玉県福祉機器展示場 ¹Saitama Prefecture General Rehabilitation Center ²Saitama Prefecture Presentation Room of Technical Aids キーワード：福祉機器 , 家屋改造 , OTの関わり , Technical Aids , Home Adaptation , Participation of Occupational Therapists Keyword: 福祉機器 , 家屋改造 , OTの関わり , Technical Aids , Home Adaptation , Participation of Occupational Therapists pp.320-328

発行日 1994年10月15日 Published Date 1994/10/15

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要旨：当センターに入所した身体障害者86名を対象に，入所時と退所時(在宅生活開始時)に福祉機器がどの位使用され，家屋改造はどの位行われ，この両者にOTはどのような関わりをしているのかを把握し，より望ましいOTの関わり方を検討することを目的として調査を実施した．その結果，福祉機器を使用する障害者が多いこと，福祉機器と家屋改造は密接な関係にあること，福祉機器と家屋改造におけるOTの関わる割合とその関わり方が確認された．また，疾患別では頸髄損傷，動作別では排泄動作と入浴動作，移動能力では車椅子使用者に，機器と家屋改造の必要性が高いことが示された．

　The use of technical aids and the extent of home adaptation by the participation of occupational therapists (OT) in these measures were investigated in physically handicapped persons entering this institution at the time of admission and discharge to determine a more desirable form of participation of OTs.

　A total of 86 handicapped persons with a mean age of 47.8 years were studied, including those with cerebrovascular disorders and cervical injuries. At the time of discharge, they were able to move indoors in wheelchairs or on crutches and so on.

　Data were obtained from questionnaires consisting of two sections which were collected from the OTs in charge. The first section contained questions about the use of technical aids at the time of admission and discharge for each of 10 activities of daily living (moving, bathing, excretion, etc.) as well as the participation of OT in the fitting of technical aids used at the time of discharge. In the second section, the outline of home adaptation was investigated together with the sites and details regarding the relationship with the fitting of technical aids, and the participation of OT.

　The data were analyzed by diagnosis, type of daily activity, and level of the ability of moving indoors at the time of discharge.

　At discharge, about 90% of the subjects used technical aids with a more than 50% increase in the number of technical aids used as compared with the baseline value. Technical aids were incorporated at more than 60% of the adapted sites in the house. OTs assisted in the use of more than 60% of the technical aids and in about 90% of the cases of home adaptation. They devised or remodeled technical aids and gave valuable information on such apparatus.

　It was found that both technical aids and home adaptation were needed for excretion and bathing in patients with cervical injuries and wheelchair users.