「コミュニケーションふりかえりシート」にみられる臨床実習時の言語聴覚士をめざす学生の特徴と変化

Communicative characteristics of student speech-language-hearing-therapists in clinical practicum

　言語聴覚士をめざす学生と実習指導者，養成校教員が臨床実習における学生のコミュニケーション面の課題を共有し，向上を支援する目的で，基本的態度，指導者および対象者とのコミュニケーションに関する20項目からなるコミュニケーションふりかえりシートを作成した．本シートを3～4年次における学外臨床実習に導入した結果，学生自身および指導者による評定が高かったのは，基本的態度に関する項目全般と，指導者への関わりの積極性，指示・説明の理解，傾聴的態度などの項目であった．反対に評定が低かったのは，わかりやすく説明する，相手の話を引き出すような働きかけをする，状況に応じ臨機応変に対応するなどの項目であった．実習期間初期と終了時で比較すると，全20項目中10～15項目で評定値の有意な上昇がみられ，臨床実習を通して学生全体としてはコミュニケーション面での向上が認められた．

　We developed a communication checklist for clinical trainees in speech pathology.　The checklist, consisting of 20 items, was designed so that the trainees self-evaluate their fundamental behaviors, such as punctuality, appropriate wording, and appearance, and their manners of communication with their clinical supervisors and patients in clinical practicum.　The supervisors also made evaluations to verify the trainees' self-evaluation, and gave the trainees feedback based on the evaluations.　Both the trainees and their supervisors gave high scores for the items on fundamental behaviors, positive attitude toward communication with supervisor, understanding supervisor's instructions and advice, and efforts to comprehend their patients.　On the other hand, they gave relatively low scores for the items regarding the trainee's abilities to express thoughts precisely, to make clear explanations, to try to elicit patients' responses, and to adapt to changes in circumstances.　The scores of most items on the trainee's manners of communication were significantly higher in the last period compared with the first period of the clinical practicum.　It is therefore suggested that the trainees' communicative behaviors were improved through the practicum supported by the use of this checklist.