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近年,組織体性幹細胞の発見とともに,癌組織における癌幹細胞の存在について着目されるようになった.癌幹細胞は自己複製能・多能性をもつ特殊な癌細胞と考えられ,その特殊な能力によって,分化の程度,分裂速度の異なる細胞が混在する不均一な細胞集団である癌組織を形成していると考えられ,様々な癌腫において癌幹細胞の存在が報告されている.癌幹細胞は,その特殊性から抗癌治療に対する耐性をもっていると考えられ,癌幹細胞に対する研究は,新たな治療開発において,大いなる躍進をもたらすと期待されている.
It has recently become known that cancer can arise from small cell populations that differ from other progenies. These populations have the ability not only to renew themselves, but also to give rise to diverse phenotypes through the process of differentiation, and result in the formation of heterogeneous tumors. Because of their similarity to somatic stem cells, these small cell populations have been termed cancer stem cells (CSCs). The involvement of CSCs has been demonstrated in many tumors, and it is suggested that they play a role in resistance to anticancer therapy. The study of CSCs is expected to improve the current therapies and lead to novel therapies for such cancers in the future.
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