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The axonal and demyelinating subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome: electrophysiologic criteria and pathophysiology Satoshi Kuwabara 1 1De-partment of Neurology, Chiba University Hospital Keyword: ギラン・バレー症候群 , 急性炎症性脱髄性多発ニューロパチー , 急性運動軸索性ニューロパチー , 電気診断 pp.527-533
Published Date 2003/8/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100335
  • Abstract
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 Guillain-Barrésyndrome(GBS)has been regarded as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy(AIDP), based on pathological and electrophysiological observation conducted in Western countries before 1990. However, recent neurophysiological and pathological studies have led to a reclassification of the disorder. GBS is now divided into the two major categories:AIDP and acute motor axonal neuropathy(AMAN). Autopsy studies of Chinese AMAN patients showed wallerian-like degeneration without evidence of demyelination, suggesting an immune attack directed against the axolemma of the motor fibers. The frequency of AMAN varies between Western and Asian countries, with the incidence being<10%in Europe and North America, 65%of those in china, and 40%of those in Japan. These two subtypes probably have independent immunopathogenesis, and actually have clinical differences in antecedent infections, speed of progression, the frequency of cranial, sensory, and autonomic nerve involvement, behaviors of tendon reflexes, and possibly in response to immunotherapies. Because of these differences, recognition of the subtypes is of great clinical relevance, and provides further insight in determining appropriate treatment and care for GBS patients. The diagnosis of AMAN or AIDP is made on the basis of electrodiagnostic criteria. This review introduces a number of proposed electrophysiologic criteria for AIDP and AMAN. At present, the criteria of Ho et al, (Brain 1995;118:597-605)appears to be most widely used and useful.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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