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ギラン・バレー症候群(GBS)の電気生理について概説した。脱髄型GBSの病変は不均一であるのが特徴で,神経終末部,生理的絞扼部,神経根に障害が強い。軸索型GBSは一次性軸索変性だけでなく,reversible conduction failureと呼ばれる脱髄様所見を病初期に呈することが知られるようになった。こうした知見をもとに今後GBSの電気診断基準は,改訂されていくだろう。
Abstract
The electrodiagnostic features for the demyelinating and axonal subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) were described. In the early stage of demyelinating GBS, the most prominent neurophysiologic feature is the patchy demyelination in the peripheral nerves. Conduction slowing presents in the clinical recovery stage, which indicates the conduction slowing is due to mainly remyelination. Axonal GBS shows "reversible conduction failure", as well as primary axonal degeneration. "Reversible conduction failure" is thought to be the most common cause of the underestimation of axonal GBS. The electrodiagnostic criteria for GBS subtypes should be revised based on the knowledge acquired in recent years.
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