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Severe keratoconjunctivitis due to chronic graft-versus-host disease after herpes zoster infection Gen Shimizu 1,2 , Mari Goto 1 , Noriko Ozaki 1 , Atsuko Eriguchi 1 , Keigo Sugisawa 2 , Takayuki Miki 1,2 , Hiroaki Shimizu 3 , Tsunekazu Hishima 4 , Tatsushi Kawaguchi 1,2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital 2Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital 3Department of Hematology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital 4Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital pp.861-867
Published Date 2024/7/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1410215224
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Abstract Purpose:The eyes are among the target organs of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD), which can cause visual dysfunction after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It was recently suggested that herpes virus infection may develop or exacerbate chronic GVHD. Here we report a case of keratoconjunctivitis due to chronic GVHD after herpes zoster infection.

Case:A 51-year-old man with Philadelphia chromosome-positive mixed acute leukemia underwent a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 3 years prior and achieved remission. Immunosuppressive therapy had been completed 1 year prior. He developed a herpes zoster infection on the left upper half of his body 20 days before the initial visit and had become aware of hyperemia and pain in both eyes 10 days after the onset of herpes zoster outbreak. At the time of the initial examination, both eyes showed conjunctival hyperemia, edematous changes, and pseudomembrane formation;moreover, the right eye had a corneal ulceration. The patient was diagnosed as keratoconjunctivitis due to chronic ocular GVHD for which steroid eye drops were ineffective. We prescribed oral steroids, immunosuppressive eye drops, and a subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone, after which the ocular findings tended to improve. Pathological images of the conjunctival tissue showed interstitial fibrosis, a finding consistent with chronic GVHD-associated conjunctivitis.

Conclusion:Herpes zoster may exacerbate the symptoms of chronic ocular GVHD, a systemic condition whose treatment requires collaboration with a hematologist.


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