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要約 目的:ブリモニジン酒石酸塩点眼液の副作用として点状表層角膜炎,眼瞼炎,濾胞性結膜炎が知られているが,近年ブリモニジン点眼中に角膜混濁をきたした症例が複数報告されている。今回筆者らは,ブリモニジンを含む緑内障点眼多剤併用中に角膜混濁をきたした症例を経験したので報告する。
症例:73歳,女性。2016年12月に両眼の開放隅角緑内障と診断され,近医でタフルプロスト,ブリモニジン,ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム点眼を処方されていた。2020年10月に右角膜混濁に気づき,当院を紹介され受診した。初診時,両眼の結膜充血と結膜濾胞を認めた。また,右角膜周辺部に血管侵入を伴う扇形の角膜実質混濁を認めた。血液検査で結核および梅毒の感染はいずれも否定され,前房水の網羅的PCR検査では単純ヘルペスウイルス,水痘帯状疱疹ウイルスを含む全項目が陰性であった。ブリモニジンによる角膜混濁の既報と所見が類似していたことからブリモニジンによる角膜混濁を疑って点眼を中止し,ベタメタゾン点眼を開始した。ブリモニジン中止後,両眼の結膜充血と結膜濾胞は改善したが,角膜実質混濁は残存した。
結論:緑内障点眼多剤併用中に角膜周辺部の実質混濁をきたした症例を経験した。ブリモニジンによる角膜混濁の既報と所見が類似していること,結膜充血と結膜濾胞がみられたことから,ブリモニジンによる慢性の結膜充血から角膜新生血管を生じ,角膜実質内に脂質沈着をきたしたものと思われた。
Abstract Purpose:Brimonidine tartrate eye drops show adverse drug reaction, including superficial punctate keratopathy, blepharitis, and follicular conjunctivitis. Recently, several cases of corneal opacity while using brimonidine eye drops have been reported. Here, we report the case of corneal opacity that occurred during treatment with glaucoma eye drops, including brimonidine.
Case:The patient was a 73-year-old woman. She was diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma in both eyes in December 2016 and treated with tafluprost, brimonidine and purified sodium hyaluronate eye drops at her local doctor. In October 2020, she noticed a right corneal opacity and was referred to our clinic. During the initial visit, hyperemia and follicular conjunctivitis were observed in both eyes. In the right eye, fan-shaped peripheral corneal opacity with corneal neovascularization was observed. Blood examination revealed no abnormality. Multiplex PCR strip test of the aqueous humor did not detect any virus, including herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus. Since the corneal findings were similar to previous reports, we suspected brimonidine-induced corneal opacity and discontinued brimonidine eye drops and started betamethasone drops. Subsequently, hyperemia and follicular conjunctivitis improved in both eyes;however, corneal opacity remained.
Conclusions:We experienced this case of corneal opacity during treatment with glaucoma eye drops including brimonidine. The findings were similar to previous reports of corneal opacity caused by brimonidine. Chronic follicular conjunctivitis suggestively caused by brimonidine led to corneal neovascularization and lipid deposition in the corneal stroma.
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