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要約 目的:横浜市立大学附属病院眼科における若年性ぶどう膜炎患者の検討。
対象と方法:2011年4月〜2015年3月に当院を受診した19歳以下のぶどう膜炎初診患者63例を対象とし,原因疾患と臨床像を診療録より後ろ向きに調査した。
結果:初診時平均年齢は13.1±4.7歳(15歳以下60.3%)で,女児(65.1%)が多かった。前部ぶどう膜炎(50.8%)が最多で,次いで汎ぶどう膜炎(42.9%)であった。両眼性(65.1%),非肉芽腫性(65.1%)が多く,全身疾患に伴うものは27.0%であった。上位原因疾患は,若年性特発性関節炎(12.7%),CIC(chronic iridocyclitis in young girls)(7.9%),間質性腎炎ぶどう膜炎症候群(6.3%)であり,同定不能例(52.4%)が最も多かった。眼合併症は46.0%にみられ,黄斑浮腫・変性(23.8%),視神経乳頭発赤・腫脹(22.2%),白内障(20.6%),高眼圧/緑内障(19.0%),帯状角膜変性(11.1%)であった。全身治療を行った症例は36.5%,手術(全例,白内障手術)を要した症例は9.5%であった。
結論:若年性ぶどう膜炎患者では女児,両眼性,前部ぶどう膜炎が多く,原因疾患では若年性慢性虹彩毛様体炎(若年性特発性関節炎およびCIC)が多かった。
Abstract Purpose:To present an epidemiological survey of uveitis in children and adolescents at Yokohama City University Hospital.
Cases and Method:This retrospective study included patients under the age of 19 years who visited to our hospital and were diagnosed with uveitis between April 2011 and March 2015. In total, we studied 63 cases for determining the clinical features and causes of the disease.
Results:The mean age of the patients at the first visit was 13.1±4.7 years(under 15 years;60.3%). There was a predominance of females(65.1%), and bilateral(65.1%)and non-granulomatous uveitis(65.1%). Anterior uveitis was observed in 50.8% patients and panuveitis in 42.9% patients. Systemic associations were found in 27.0% patients. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)was the most common medical condition(12.7%), followed by chronic iridocyclitis in young girls(CIC)(7.9%)and tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome(6.3%). Unclassified cases were seen in 50.8% patients. Ocular complications were observed in 46.0% patients, including macular edema/degeneration(23.8%), optic disc hyperemia/edema(22.2%), cataract(20.6%), increased intraocular pressure/glaucoma(19.0%)and band keratopathy(11.1%). Systemic treatments were required in 36.5% of cases. 9.5% of cases underwent intraocular surgery, all of which were cataract extraction.
Conclusion:Females, bilateral and anterior uveitis were prevalent in children and adolescents. Juvenile chronic iridocyclitis(JIA and CIC)were frequent.
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