ブリモニジン点眼によるアレルギー性結膜炎発症の頻度と傾向

Incidence and tendency of allergic conjunctivitis caused by 0.1％ brimonidine tartrate preserved with sodium chlorite

要約　目的：ブリモニジン酒石酸塩点眼液（ブリモニジン）によるアレルギー性結膜炎発症の頻度と傾向の報告。

対象および方法：ブリモニジン点眼を3か月以上継続した緑内障および高眼圧症連続178例について，後ろ向きにブリモニジンによるアレルギー発症の有無と投与期間を調べた。さらに発症に関与する要因を検討した。

結果：アレルギーを発症した症例は33例で，発症率は投与1年で15.7％，2年で27.1％であった。発症に関与する要因として点眼アレルギーの既往が有意であった。

結論：ブリモニジンアレルギーは点眼開始後1年を過ぎても発症し，投与期間2年で4人に1人が発症した。発症は年齢，性別，併用点眼薬数，全身アレルギーの有無にかかわらず，点眼アレルギーの既往がある場合に生じやすかった。

Abstract　Objectives: To report the frequency and factors associated with the development of allergic conjunctivitis induced by brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution（brimonidine）.

Subjects and Methods: A total of 178 patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who received brimonidine for ≧3 months were retrospectively examined in terms of the presence or absence of brimonidine allergy and the length of treatment. Factors associated with the allergy were also examined.

Results: Thirty-three patients developed allergy, the incidence being 15.7％ at 1 year after the administration and 27.1％ at 2 years（Kaplan-Meier method）. A history of eye-drop allergy was significantly associated with the development of brimonidine allergy（p＜0.05, Cox proportional hazards model）.

Conclusions: Brimonidine allergy was observed even at 1 year after administration, and 1 in 4 patients developed allergy at 2 years. Brimonidine allergy is likely to occur in patients with a history of eye-drop allergy, regardless of age, sex, number of concomitant eye drops, or status of systemic allergy.